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Yusuf Xos Hojib
The poet, whose real name was Yusuf, was born in Bolosogun (in some sources Quz Ordu). Only one of his poems Kutadgu bilig reached us. It is possible to know some facts about the poets life from this poem. The poem was concluded in 462 year by hijra (1069-1070) in Qashgar and was presented to king Tavgach Bugrokhon. The king liked this poem, thats why he rewarded the poet with the position of khos hojib. Thats why the full name of the poet looks like Yusuf Xos Hojib Bolosoguniy.
The meaning of Kutadgu bilig is qut happiness and bilig knowledge. So the title of the poem can be translated as The knowledge which leads to happiness or simply The knowledge of becoming happy (Fitrat). 3 versions of manuscripts Kutadgu bilig remained nowadays:
1. Vena manuscript it was rewritten by Hasan Qora Soyil Shams in Hirot in Uygur language.
2. Cairo manuscript it was rewritten in arab language and from XIX century it is kept in Egypt.
3. Namangan manuscript it was made public by Fitrat.
The whole volume of the poem is 6500 bayt. It was written in two years in Koshgar. It consists of 73 chapters, and the main idea of the poem is expressed in 12 chapters of them. The main participants of the poem are: Kuntugdi elig (the king), Oytoldi council, Ogdulmish the son of the council and Ozgurmish the relative of the council. They symbolize the four concepts: justice, state, wisdom and patience.
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